XHTML vs. HTML: And the discussion continues
Monday / 28 February 05
With the recent announcement in the SitePoint Tech Times the discussion about XHTML and HTML has started again.
The argument itself is fairly complex if you’re not familiar with it. If you like to read: the case to avoid XHTML and the case for XHTML.
I have read a good part of many articles and I feel the cases to avoid XHTML are missing something — something crucial. Some many moons ago I remember reading an article (I cannot seem to be lucky with Google) where the article categorised the advantages of using XHTML in two.
On one side we have the large technical advantages of XHTML, such as extensibility, the fact that it is well-formed XML and all the advantages those two produce. It must be clear that in order to use these advantages, authors must serve their documents as application/xhtml+xml, which, inevitebly, is not understood by our ‘favorite’ browser a.k.a. MSIE. Content negotiation might be a solution here, but I am not intending to cover that tonight.
On the other side we have the advantages of XHTML as a brand. XHTML has made many companies aware of web standards, as XHTML was slowly becoming the buzz-word in their environment. Not only in their environment, but in ours as well. It’s not uncommon for inexperienced authors to want to jump on the currently going bandwagon — today XHTML is still a large wagon going strong. Besides it being a trend in our world, XHTML is stricter and forces us to write well-formed markup. It forced us to look at a seperation of presentation and structure. It forced us to look at semantic markup. Ok, XHTML wasn’t completely responsible for this, but it surely added to it and is still actively adding to it.
Most cases to avoid XHTML are based on tackling its technological advantages and the (really significant) disadvantages — for example XML’s draconian error handling — the current technology comes with. However, I cannot imagine for all of this to be steadily improved over the next decade, I do have to agree with many designers when they say you should avoid XHTML for those technical advantages.
What I am missing in any case to avoid XHTML is a solid reason that tells me why I should not serve XHTML as text/html at this very moment. Whereas the technical side has been largely tackled, the marketing side is still standing strong. Personally, I consider this a very important side. For the past four years we have been in a state of transition: going from table-based layouts written with bad markup to layer-defined (structure, presentation, behaviour) with semantic markup. XHTML is helping in this process and I cannot see why it would be doing any harm at all. Then, when our ‘favorite’ browser has caught up with technology, we can look into a second transition: the one from HTML to XML documents.
You and me know how to write good markup in HTML4. However, the inexperienced authors often do not. If there’s nobody calling for them to move forward or to correct their mistakes, we might as well switch our calendars back to the year 1999. Please, don’t write off XHTML for not making it the cut completely. It still plays an important part in advocating web standards. Educate the people, instead of writing off technological advancements.

1Daniel posted:
01 March 05, 06:16:06 AM
Here's a solid reason.
If you already know HTML, then XHTML is the next logical step. I'll ease your job considerably.